Seven Types of Paragraphs
Different Body Essay Kinds
Mar 3, 2009 Daria Przybyla
Main paragraph types - imelenchon, morguefile
There are at least seven types of paragraphs. Knowledge of the differences between them can facilitate composing well-structured essays.
In order to write coherent essays, students must first learn about the functions of various paragraphs. Most paragraphs will have several functions to fulfill at a time; it is important to know under what circumstances their functions can be conjoined. The following list contains explanations about the content and style of different paragraphs.
Narration Paragraph
Narration paragraphs are most distinctively used in fiction. As such, they will contain all necessary components of action development: protagonist, setting, goal, obstacle, climax and resolution. Writing a narration paragraph requires, consequently, sequential order and chronology. There are many descriptive elements included into the body of a narration paragraph but, if composed correctly, the paragraph will feature much more action than depiction.
Exposition Paragraph
Often times, this kind of a paragraph is used as a component of other types. It’s created in order to clarify or explain a problem or a phenomenon. Writing exposition paragraphs requires strict focus on evidence and objective language. It can contain elements of comparison and contrast or cause and effect writing - both facilitate accurate exposition of its subject-matter.
Definition Paragraph
Definition paragraphs are used in order to explain the meaning, origin and function of things. They are used both in academic writing and in fiction. To write a definition paragraph, writers should concentrate on the role of its subject in the context of the whole essay and list comparisons as well as examples accordingly.
Classification Paragraph
Writing a classification paragraph takes a slightly varied approach. It should rely on both defining and comparing. Writers should classify the subject of the paragraph in a specific context providing comparisons to corresponding ideas. Classification can be performed on multiple levels – semantic (comparing different meanings of things), linguistic (using vocabulary to show contrast), and more.
Description Paragraph
Preferably, description paragraphs should concentrate on action (verbs), rather than sensations (adverbs and adjectives). Writers should assume the role of readers whose idea of the described events is, in entirety, constructed by the paragraph content. Description paragraphs should be detailed, clear, and render the represented reality chronologically.
Example of a Description Paragraph
Read the following sample of a description paragraph and pay attention to the way in which information is provided – how the thought described in the paragraph unfolds. Also, pay attention to the informative content comprised in the fragment below:
Writers commit plagiarism every time they reword sources without crediting original authors or fail to reference their sources appropriately. Plagiarism through paraphrasing can happen in two cases. First, writer may choose to substitute some words from the original with different vocabulary, rearrange words, or rearrange the whole paragraph. In this way, he or she presents stolen information expressing it with his or her own words. And second, writer may try to use exactly the same vocabulary and stylistic constructions and use them with respect to another context. Plagiarism occurs in both cases.
Elements of a Description Paragraph
Descriptive paragraphs contain the following elements:
• Information – descriptive paragraphs describe ideas and things, as well as inform about their functions;
• Context – in descriptive paragraphs, information is always contextualized. Moreover, the context in which given piece of information is presented is also subject to description and evaluation;
• Descriptive language – descriptive paragraphs use considerable amounts of vocabulary that describes action (verbs), as well as vocabulary denoting value and attributes of thins (nouns, adverbs, and adjectives).
Process Analysis Paragraph
It, usually, takes the form of a how-to paragraph which guides readers through a process or action to be performed. It’s very concise and uses formal, non-descriptive vocabulary. It should be written in chronological order which accounts for subsequent actions.
Persuasion Paragraph
Persuasion paragraphs require exhortatory and dynamic language. They are aimed at persuading others into taking a particular action or adopting certain point of view. They should be devoid of descriptive content and, instead, rely on the imperative mode.
Some Differences Between MLA and APA Citation Styles
Apr 11, 2010 Cynthia Jones-Shoeman
MLA & APA Styles Serve the Same Basic Purpose - C. Jones-Shoeman
Students might find the differences between MLA and APA formats confusing, but this article explains a few of the differences.
MLA (Modern Language Association) and APA (American Psychological Association) citation styles are both recognized as ways students and professionals cite sources within their own research. Both are known as good ways to cite and list source material, but they are typically used in different disciplines (for example, MLA is often used in humanities while APA is known for its use in some sciences).
Unfortunately, many students find themselves having to use both styles from one semester to another and from one class to the next, and it can leave them feeling confused and disoriented. Some students have used strictly one format and feel a little intimidated when needing to make the switch. The good news is that they both follow their own systems of logic and are, in fact, similar in many ways. So what are the differences between the two styles? Here are just a few that will help students when trying to differentiate one style from the other.
The Bibliography Differs Greatly Between MLA and APA Styles
MLA style calls its bibliography a "Works Cited" page (because it's a list of sources - or "works" - cited within the student's paper), whereas APA style simply refers to its bibliography by the title "References."
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Other notable differences include how APA and MLA styles work with authors. MLA lists the author's (or authors') full name as found in the work that is cited, whereas APA uses only the author's last name, followed by his initials. For example, MLA style would list the author of Fast Food Nation as Schlosser, Eric, but APA style would list him as Schlosser, E.
In MLA style, the title of the work comes next when listed in the citation, whereas APA lists the year of the work next. MLA style would look like this:
Schlosser, Eric. Fast Food Nation: The Dark Side of the All-American Meal.
APA would look like this:
Schlosser, E. (2001).
Finally, titles are treated differently between the two styles. MLA uses "title case," meaning that most words are capitalized (except for words inside the title that are conjunctions, articles, and prepositions), but APA only capitalizes the first word of the title and subtitle, as well as proper nouns. For example, Schlosser's book title in the APA list would be listed this way: Fast food nation: The Dark side of the all-American meal.
Some In-Text Citation Differences
No matter what citation format, the in-text citation is meant to give credit to the source as well as lead the reader to the correct work in the bibliography. It should also tell the reader where in the source she can find the cited material. So a paper that used Schlosser's book and was written in MLA style would have an in-text citation that looked like this:
The early to mid-twentieth century saw a large migration of people to Southern California (Schlosser 15).
The same sentence in APA style would be cited this way:
The early to mid-twentieth century saw a large migration of people to Southern California (Schlosser, 2001, p. 15).
While both formats list the author's last name and the page number, APA also lists the date of publication.
Other Style Differences APA and MLA Documentation Styles
Some of the ways in which APA and MLA resemble each other are that both types of academic papers are double-spaced, and bibliographies are arranged alphabetically. But there are many ways in which they differ, and these variations can cause much consternation to confused students. Here are other ways in which the two styles differ:
• APA style has a title page at the beginning of the essay that lists the student's title and name as well as the course title, instructor's name, and date. MLA instead has all of this information listed on the first page of the essay.
• APA requires an (instructor optional) abstract at the beginning of the paper which is simply a paragraph that summarizes the information found in the essay.
• Header information in the two styles are different. Both require page numbers in the upper-right-hand corner, but MLA has the student's last name next to the page number, whereas APA requires a shortened version of the essay title in the header.
Why Bother Following a Particular Documentation Style?
Academic writing means that students are learning to write disciplined, well-researched essays, and those students who do their best to follow the citation format demanded by the instructor will likely earn better grades on their papers. Instructors won't always take those students seriously who don't bother to take the time to properly work with sources.
© 2010 Cynthia Jones-Shoeman
Read more at Suite101: Some Differences Between MLA and APA Citation Styles http://academicwriting.suite101.com/article.cfm/some-differences-between-mla-and-apa-citation-styles#ixzz0vCRzFzyB
Developing Writing Skills: A Paragraph
By: Timothy Anderson
What is the first thing you think about when you start writing an essay? Probably, you think about your topic. You need to define it, and think of the ways to open it better. If it is high school essay writing, you go online to find tips for writing an essay. And the beautiful world of Internet tells you stories about five-paragraph essay writing. But even after this you think about the entire concept. And then you set to work, write down the words that form sentences, go over the entire essay writing, and realize that something's wrong with it. Do you want to know, where the problem is? You should've started from writing a paragraph. First one, then another, then you would've ended up with a perfect text that corresponds to your task.
When writing an essay, choose the techniques and tools for essay writing that unfold your topic and correspond to the style that you've picked. A good idea is not the only factor that makes essay writing successful. There has to be harmony between the basic components. Did you know that there are at least 8 kinds of paragraph writing? And by choosing an essay writing style, you choose a way of writing a paragraph. So, here they are:
Writing a Definition Paragraph
Definition paragraph writing is good for an expository essay paper. When writing a definition paragraph, you choose a subject that needs to be described, and give its definition. For example, in an essay Why Office Chairs Can Be Dangerous you give a characterization of an office chair: An office chair can be defined as a murder machine on casters.
Writing a Classification Paragraph
Classification paragraph writing can also be helpful in expository essay papers. In this kind of paragraph writing you group things into specific categories. By developing my essay idea, I can state: Office chairs can be divided into two categories: with and without casters. But they still are murder machines.
Writing a Description Paragraph
Description paragraph writing is good in all kinds of essay papers. It gives readers a clue on how a person or thing looks like, or where they are situated. In my essay writing I say that an office chair is always beneath its user.
Writing a Compare and Contrast Paragraph
This kind of paragraph writing is essential in compare and contrast essay papers. It concentrates on showing similarities or differences between things, people, or places. For example: An office chair without casters can be safer than an office chair with caster. But you can still fall out of it.
Writing a Sequence Paragraph
Narrative essay writing sometimes shows events in their chronological order. This is why sequence paragraph writing can be helpful. Here's my example: I was sitting on an office chair when someone came in. To say hello, I rolled backwards, lost balance, and fell on the floor. Together with this crazy office chair!
Writing a Choice Paragraph
Sometimes provocative essay papers show a reader what it is that you prefer doing. And choice paragraphs are the best way to describe it: If I had a choice, I would've chosen a sofa. It's too heavy to lift, meaning there are fewer possibilities to fall out of it.
Writing an Explanation Paragraph
Just give the reason. This paragraph is universal for all kinds of papers. In my case, I already explained how it happened. Even though my intensions were good, my chair had a different point of view on it.
Writing an Evaluation Paragraph
In an evaluation paragraph, you make judgments about people, ideas, and possible actions. You need to make your evaluation based on certain criteria that you develop. My criterion is that office chairs are evil. They should be banned from our workplaces.
As you can see, the choice of paragraph writing is big. It's up to you what to choose and how to use it.
Different Body Essay Kinds
Mar 3, 2009 Daria Przybyla
Main paragraph types - imelenchon, morguefile
There are at least seven types of paragraphs. Knowledge of the differences between them can facilitate composing well-structured essays.
In order to write coherent essays, students must first learn about the functions of various paragraphs. Most paragraphs will have several functions to fulfill at a time; it is important to know under what circumstances their functions can be conjoined. The following list contains explanations about the content and style of different paragraphs.
Narration Paragraph
Narration paragraphs are most distinctively used in fiction. As such, they will contain all necessary components of action development: protagonist, setting, goal, obstacle, climax and resolution. Writing a narration paragraph requires, consequently, sequential order and chronology. There are many descriptive elements included into the body of a narration paragraph but, if composed correctly, the paragraph will feature much more action than depiction.
Exposition Paragraph
Often times, this kind of a paragraph is used as a component of other types. It’s created in order to clarify or explain a problem or a phenomenon. Writing exposition paragraphs requires strict focus on evidence and objective language. It can contain elements of comparison and contrast or cause and effect writing - both facilitate accurate exposition of its subject-matter.
Definition Paragraph
Definition paragraphs are used in order to explain the meaning, origin and function of things. They are used both in academic writing and in fiction. To write a definition paragraph, writers should concentrate on the role of its subject in the context of the whole essay and list comparisons as well as examples accordingly.
Classification Paragraph
Writing a classification paragraph takes a slightly varied approach. It should rely on both defining and comparing. Writers should classify the subject of the paragraph in a specific context providing comparisons to corresponding ideas. Classification can be performed on multiple levels – semantic (comparing different meanings of things), linguistic (using vocabulary to show contrast), and more.
Description Paragraph
Preferably, description paragraphs should concentrate on action (verbs), rather than sensations (adverbs and adjectives). Writers should assume the role of readers whose idea of the described events is, in entirety, constructed by the paragraph content. Description paragraphs should be detailed, clear, and render the represented reality chronologically.
Example of a Description Paragraph
Read the following sample of a description paragraph and pay attention to the way in which information is provided – how the thought described in the paragraph unfolds. Also, pay attention to the informative content comprised in the fragment below:
Writers commit plagiarism every time they reword sources without crediting original authors or fail to reference their sources appropriately. Plagiarism through paraphrasing can happen in two cases. First, writer may choose to substitute some words from the original with different vocabulary, rearrange words, or rearrange the whole paragraph. In this way, he or she presents stolen information expressing it with his or her own words. And second, writer may try to use exactly the same vocabulary and stylistic constructions and use them with respect to another context. Plagiarism occurs in both cases.
Elements of a Description Paragraph
Descriptive paragraphs contain the following elements:
• Information – descriptive paragraphs describe ideas and things, as well as inform about their functions;
• Context – in descriptive paragraphs, information is always contextualized. Moreover, the context in which given piece of information is presented is also subject to description and evaluation;
• Descriptive language – descriptive paragraphs use considerable amounts of vocabulary that describes action (verbs), as well as vocabulary denoting value and attributes of thins (nouns, adverbs, and adjectives).
Process Analysis Paragraph
It, usually, takes the form of a how-to paragraph which guides readers through a process or action to be performed. It’s very concise and uses formal, non-descriptive vocabulary. It should be written in chronological order which accounts for subsequent actions.
Persuasion Paragraph
Persuasion paragraphs require exhortatory and dynamic language. They are aimed at persuading others into taking a particular action or adopting certain point of view. They should be devoid of descriptive content and, instead, rely on the imperative mode.
Some Differences Between MLA and APA Citation Styles
Apr 11, 2010 Cynthia Jones-Shoeman
MLA & APA Styles Serve the Same Basic Purpose - C. Jones-Shoeman
Students might find the differences between MLA and APA formats confusing, but this article explains a few of the differences.
MLA (Modern Language Association) and APA (American Psychological Association) citation styles are both recognized as ways students and professionals cite sources within their own research. Both are known as good ways to cite and list source material, but they are typically used in different disciplines (for example, MLA is often used in humanities while APA is known for its use in some sciences).
Unfortunately, many students find themselves having to use both styles from one semester to another and from one class to the next, and it can leave them feeling confused and disoriented. Some students have used strictly one format and feel a little intimidated when needing to make the switch. The good news is that they both follow their own systems of logic and are, in fact, similar in many ways. So what are the differences between the two styles? Here are just a few that will help students when trying to differentiate one style from the other.
The Bibliography Differs Greatly Between MLA and APA Styles
MLA style calls its bibliography a "Works Cited" page (because it's a list of sources - or "works" - cited within the student's paper), whereas APA style simply refers to its bibliography by the title "References."
Ads by Google
Editing Solutions All your writing and editing needs Give yourself an edge! Contact us. www.EditingSolutions.com.au
ud.com Name-Check Check social usernames, domains, & trademarks with one Search only. www.ud.com/namecheck
Other notable differences include how APA and MLA styles work with authors. MLA lists the author's (or authors') full name as found in the work that is cited, whereas APA uses only the author's last name, followed by his initials. For example, MLA style would list the author of Fast Food Nation as Schlosser, Eric, but APA style would list him as Schlosser, E.
In MLA style, the title of the work comes next when listed in the citation, whereas APA lists the year of the work next. MLA style would look like this:
Schlosser, Eric. Fast Food Nation: The Dark Side of the All-American Meal.
APA would look like this:
Schlosser, E. (2001).
Finally, titles are treated differently between the two styles. MLA uses "title case," meaning that most words are capitalized (except for words inside the title that are conjunctions, articles, and prepositions), but APA only capitalizes the first word of the title and subtitle, as well as proper nouns. For example, Schlosser's book title in the APA list would be listed this way: Fast food nation: The Dark side of the all-American meal.
Some In-Text Citation Differences
No matter what citation format, the in-text citation is meant to give credit to the source as well as lead the reader to the correct work in the bibliography. It should also tell the reader where in the source she can find the cited material. So a paper that used Schlosser's book and was written in MLA style would have an in-text citation that looked like this:
The early to mid-twentieth century saw a large migration of people to Southern California (Schlosser 15).
The same sentence in APA style would be cited this way:
The early to mid-twentieth century saw a large migration of people to Southern California (Schlosser, 2001, p. 15).
While both formats list the author's last name and the page number, APA also lists the date of publication.
Other Style Differences APA and MLA Documentation Styles
Some of the ways in which APA and MLA resemble each other are that both types of academic papers are double-spaced, and bibliographies are arranged alphabetically. But there are many ways in which they differ, and these variations can cause much consternation to confused students. Here are other ways in which the two styles differ:
• APA style has a title page at the beginning of the essay that lists the student's title and name as well as the course title, instructor's name, and date. MLA instead has all of this information listed on the first page of the essay.
• APA requires an (instructor optional) abstract at the beginning of the paper which is simply a paragraph that summarizes the information found in the essay.
• Header information in the two styles are different. Both require page numbers in the upper-right-hand corner, but MLA has the student's last name next to the page number, whereas APA requires a shortened version of the essay title in the header.
Why Bother Following a Particular Documentation Style?
Academic writing means that students are learning to write disciplined, well-researched essays, and those students who do their best to follow the citation format demanded by the instructor will likely earn better grades on their papers. Instructors won't always take those students seriously who don't bother to take the time to properly work with sources.
© 2010 Cynthia Jones-Shoeman
Read more at Suite101: Some Differences Between MLA and APA Citation Styles http://academicwriting.suite101.com/article.cfm/some-differences-between-mla-and-apa-citation-styles#ixzz0vCRzFzyB
Developing Writing Skills: A Paragraph
By: Timothy Anderson
What is the first thing you think about when you start writing an essay? Probably, you think about your topic. You need to define it, and think of the ways to open it better. If it is high school essay writing, you go online to find tips for writing an essay. And the beautiful world of Internet tells you stories about five-paragraph essay writing. But even after this you think about the entire concept. And then you set to work, write down the words that form sentences, go over the entire essay writing, and realize that something's wrong with it. Do you want to know, where the problem is? You should've started from writing a paragraph. First one, then another, then you would've ended up with a perfect text that corresponds to your task.
When writing an essay, choose the techniques and tools for essay writing that unfold your topic and correspond to the style that you've picked. A good idea is not the only factor that makes essay writing successful. There has to be harmony between the basic components. Did you know that there are at least 8 kinds of paragraph writing? And by choosing an essay writing style, you choose a way of writing a paragraph. So, here they are:
Writing a Definition Paragraph
Definition paragraph writing is good for an expository essay paper. When writing a definition paragraph, you choose a subject that needs to be described, and give its definition. For example, in an essay Why Office Chairs Can Be Dangerous you give a characterization of an office chair: An office chair can be defined as a murder machine on casters.
Writing a Classification Paragraph
Classification paragraph writing can also be helpful in expository essay papers. In this kind of paragraph writing you group things into specific categories. By developing my essay idea, I can state: Office chairs can be divided into two categories: with and without casters. But they still are murder machines.
Writing a Description Paragraph
Description paragraph writing is good in all kinds of essay papers. It gives readers a clue on how a person or thing looks like, or where they are situated. In my essay writing I say that an office chair is always beneath its user.
Writing a Compare and Contrast Paragraph
This kind of paragraph writing is essential in compare and contrast essay papers. It concentrates on showing similarities or differences between things, people, or places. For example: An office chair without casters can be safer than an office chair with caster. But you can still fall out of it.
Writing a Sequence Paragraph
Narrative essay writing sometimes shows events in their chronological order. This is why sequence paragraph writing can be helpful. Here's my example: I was sitting on an office chair when someone came in. To say hello, I rolled backwards, lost balance, and fell on the floor. Together with this crazy office chair!
Writing a Choice Paragraph
Sometimes provocative essay papers show a reader what it is that you prefer doing. And choice paragraphs are the best way to describe it: If I had a choice, I would've chosen a sofa. It's too heavy to lift, meaning there are fewer possibilities to fall out of it.
Writing an Explanation Paragraph
Just give the reason. This paragraph is universal for all kinds of papers. In my case, I already explained how it happened. Even though my intensions were good, my chair had a different point of view on it.
Writing an Evaluation Paragraph
In an evaluation paragraph, you make judgments about people, ideas, and possible actions. You need to make your evaluation based on certain criteria that you develop. My criterion is that office chairs are evil. They should be banned from our workplaces.
As you can see, the choice of paragraph writing is big. It's up to you what to choose and how to use it.
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